English Translation

UNEFA NAGUANAGUA

CICLO BÁSICO DE INGENIERÍA

Asignatura:Inglés Técnico                                                                                                                                                                                           Sección TE 4^to.

 Enero 26, 2009

LOOK FOR THE CORRECT ANSWER AT THE OPTIONS BELOW AND COMPLETE THE TEXT.

The day .......... terribly. My alarm .......... and I .......... the house with only 1 hour to spare before the plane .......... due to take off. Luckily there .......... very little traffic and I .......... at the airport with 30 minutes to spare. I .......... in at the gate and .......... for a coffee. Just as I .......... down , the announcer .......... my flight. I .......... my coffee quickly, too quickly in fact as I .......... some on my shirt. I .......... the sign to the departure gate and .......... through passport control. I .......... down in the departure lounge. It .......... full of teenagers, obviously a school trip. They .......... a terrible noise. And then I .......... that terrible announcement, the one you don't want to hear. There   .......... a problem with the engine. I .......... around for a place to get another coffee. I .......... a drinks machine so I .......... over to get some. I .......... in my money and .......... the button for black coffee. When I .......... up the cup, it .......... only water. At that moment, the hostess .......... that the plane was delayed because of bad weather.

1. The day .......... terribly.

   a) took care of                      b) announced                      c) finished                            d) began

2. My alarm .......... 

   a) didn't get up                    b) didn't begin                     c) didn't wake up                 d) didn't go off

3. and I .......... the house with only 1 hour to spare

   a) left                                     b) entered                             c) quitted                              d) goodbyed

4. before the plane .......... due to take off.

   a) didn't go                           b) wished                              c) became                             d) was

5. Luckily there .......... very little traffic

   a) was                                    b) existed                              c) had                                    d) turned over

6. and I .......... at the airport with 30 minutes to spare.

   a) went                                  b) terminated                        c) reached                           d) arrived

7. I .......... in at the gate

   a) checked                            b) stood                                c) waited                               d) stamped

8. and .......... for a coffee.

   a) started                              b) shouted                            c) went                                  d) whistled

9. Just as I .......... down ,

   a) went                                  b) sat                                     c) jumped                              d) drank

10. the announcer .......... my flight.

   a) sang                                  b) whistled                           c) shouted                            d) called

11. I .......... my coffee quickly 

   a) spat                                   b) drank                                c) sang                                  d) looked for

12. too quickly in fact as I .......... some on my shirt.

   a) spilled                               b) dropped                           c) spread                               d) smiled

13. I .......... the sign to the departure gate 

   a) looked after                      b) followed                           c) discussed                         d) ran after

14. and .......... through passport control.

   a) went                                  b) discussed                        c) smiled                               d) went under

15. I .......... down in the departure lounge.

   a) hurried                              b) came                                 c) went                                  d) sat

16. It .......... full of teenagers, obviously a school trip.

   a) was                                    b) happened                         c) suggested                        d) disappeared

17. They .......... a terrible noise.

   a) were happening              b) were smoking                  c) were doing                       d) were making

18. And then I .......... that terrible announcement, the one you don't want to hear.

   a) heard                                 b) listened                            c) felt                                     d) spoke

19. There   .......... a problem with the engine.

   a) arrived                              b) happened                         c) were                                  d) was

20. I .......... around for a place to get another coffee.

   a) saw                                    b) looked                              c) had                                    d) was

21. I .......... a drinks machine so I .......... over to get some.

   a) looked over / went          b) saw / fell                           c) saw / went                        d) looked over / fell

22. I .......... in my money and .......... the button for black coffee.

   a) put / pressed                   b) put / pulled                      c) threw / pressed               d) threw / pulled

23. When I .......... up the cup,

   a) took                                   b) pushed                             c) pulled                                d) picked

24. it .......... only water. 

   a) went in                              b) got up                               c) filled                                  d) contained

25. At that moment, the hostess .......... that the plane was delayed because of bad weather. 

   a) announced                       b) called                                c) spoke                                d) mimed

ACTIVITY: Complete the blanks with the right form of the verb in brackets. Remember the rules of first, second and third conditional.

1) If my father (buy) …………… fast food, I (have) …………… dinner outside.

2) If Tom (pay) …………… the fee, he (go) …………… to jail.

3) If the police (arrive) …………… earlier, they (catch) …………… the thieves.

4) If you (do) …………… your homework, you (go) …………… the party.

5) If Susan (not work) …………… on Saturday, she (come) …………… to the cinema with us.

6) If Peter (break) …………… the glass, he (fix) …………… it.

7) If Michael (know) …………… the secret, he (tell) …………… you.

8) If Jane (not run) …………… inside the house, she (not break) …………… the lamp.

9) If I (answer) …………… all the questions, I (pass) …………… the test.

10) If the problems (be) …………… easier, I (solve) …………… them.

11) If you (bring) …………… a present, my sister (be) …………… very happy.

12) If my mother (knit) …………… a sweater, she (give) …………… it to you.

13) If John (fix) …………… the car, we (go) …………… to the concert.

14) If my brother (clean) …………… his bedroom, he (not be) …………… punished.

15) If you (stay) …………… at home, your friends (visit) …………… you.

16)If I (receive) …………… the letter, I (not travel) …………… to Spain.

17) If Sally (not spend) …………… all the money, she (buy) …………… a new car.

18) If the workers (start) …………… the past month, they (finish) ……………

19) If Mary (sell) …………… a house, she (not be) …………… fired.

20) If the kids (play) …………… outside, an accident (happen) ……………

WEEK from November 17 to November 23

A) Put the verbs in brackets into the gaps. Form a Conditional sentence - type III.

Example: If I _______ (to go) to the cinema, I ________ (to watch) an interesting film.

Answer: If I had gone to the cinema, I would have watched an interesting film.

1) If the weather (to be) nice, they (to play) football.

2) If we (to go) to a good restaurant, we (to have) a better dinner.

3) If John (to learn) more words, he (to write) a good report.

4) If the boys (to take) the bus to school, they (to arrive) on time.

5) If the teacher (to explain) the homework, I (to do) it.

6) If they (to wait) for another 10 minutes, they (to see) the pop star.

7) If the police (to come) earlier, they (to arrest) the burglar.

8) If you (to buy) fresh green vegetable, your salad (to taste) better.

B) Put in the correct phrases and form a conditional sentence (type I, II, III). Watch the underlined verbs.

Example: If he had studied harder, he ________________ (to pass) his driving test.

Answer: If he had studied harder, he would have passed his driving test.

1) If we meet at 9:30, we (to have) plenty of time.

2) Lisa would find the milk if she (to look) in the fridge.

3) The zookeeper would have punished her with a fine if she (to feed) the animals.

4) If you spoke louder, your classmates (to understand) you.

5) Dan (to arrive) safe if he drove slowly.

6) You (to have) no trouble at school if you had done your homework.

7) If you (to swim) in this lake, you'll shiver from cold.

8) The door will unlock if you (to press) the green button.

9) If Mel (to ask) her teacher, he'd have answered her questions.

10) I (to call) the office if I were you.

I. Put the verbs in brackets into the gaps. Form a Conditional sentence - type II.

Example: If I __ (to go) to the cinema, I ________ (to watch) an interesting film.

Answer: If I went to the cinema, I would watch an interesting film.

1) If I (to come) home earlier, I (to prepare) dinner.

2) If we (to live) in Rome, Francesco (to visit) us.

3) If Tim and Tom (to be) older, they (to play) in our hockey team.

4) If he (to be) my friend, I (to invite) him to my birthday party.

5) If Susan (to study) harder, she (to be) better at school.

6) If they (to have) enough money, they (to buy) a new car.

7) If you (to do) a paper round, you (to earn) a little extra money.

8) If Michael (to get) more pocket money, he (to ask) Doris out for dinner.

9) If we (to hurry), we (to catch) the bus.

10) If it (to rain), Nina (to take) an umbrella with her.

II. Put in the verbs in brackets and form Conditional sentences type I or type II. Mind the underlined verb forms.

Example: If they learn the poem, they ________ (to get) a good mark.

Answer: If they learn the poem, they will get a good mark.

1) If you come with me, I (to do) the shopping with you.

2) Walter (to help) his mother in the garden if she reads him a story this evening.

3) If it (to rain), I will stay at home.

4) Our teacher will be happy if we (to learn) the poem by heart.

5) If they had enough money, they (to buy) a new car.

6) We (to pass) the exam if we studied harder.

7) If Pat (to repair) his bike, he could go on a bicycle tour with us.

8) She would get 100 pounds if she (to sell) this old shelf.

9) If I were you, I (to invite) Jack to the party.

10) If the weather (to be) fine, the children can walk to school

1. Choose the correct phrases and form Conditional sentences - type I.

1) If you (repair/ repairs / will repair) my bike, I (help/helps/will help) you with the Maths homework.

2) It (be/ is will be/) too hot if he (travel / travels / will travel) to Greece in August.

3) If Peter (sit/sits/will sit) on the sofa, his sister (sit/sits/will sit) next to him.

4) The policeman (tell/tells/will tell) you the way if you (ask/asks/will ask) him.

5) If it (snow/snows/will snow) in the Alps, it (rain/rains/will rain) in Munich.

6) I (lend/lends/will lend) you my laptop if you (promise/promises/will promise) to be careful with it.

7) If you (add/adds/will add) some tomatoes, the sauce (taste/tastes/will taste) much better.

8) If Tom (pull/pulls/will pull) this string, he (open/opens/will open) the box.

9) If I (find/finds/will find) Simon's mobile, I (take/will take) it to the office.

10) We (get/gets/will get) lost if we (forget/forgets/will forget) the town map.

2) Supply the correct tense of the verbs in brackets.

1) If you (have) a cold, It (be) wise to go to bed.

2) If people (be) tired, they generally (go) to bed.

3) If you (throw) a stone into water, It (sink).

4) If a man (have) children, he (must) look after them.

5) If you (heat) butter, It (melt).

6) Students learn fast, if the teacher (be) competent.

7) If you (listen) to me carefully, you (understand) what I want to say.

Dear students, in order to practice more about imperatives uses here there are some written exercises. You must do as soon as possible.

WRITE SUGGESTIONS, OFFERS, ORDERS OR ADVICES. USE THE FOLLOWINGS VERBS: to go, to open, to fix, to stay, to read, to study, to get up, to research, to do, to inform. REMEMBER TO WRITE LOGICAL IMPERATIVES.

EXAMPLE: " Those cars don´t run very fast" Fix it!!!!

1) "The teacher is very hard. I need to pass the exams".

2) "It is very hot today".

3) "Those written works are very long, the topics are interesting".

4) "Tomorrow, the factory will be closed".

5) "The next day will make some strenght jobs".

6) "Those men aren't competitive in our department".

7) "You are very fat".

8) "These computers don't turn on".

9) "Some people don't think in the new project. We have to convince them, what can we do?".

10) "They can't go to the pub".

ACTIVITY 1: MAKE OFFERS, SUGGESTIOS AND REQUESTS AND GIVE ORDERS. FOLLOW THE EXAMPLES IN A LOGICAL WAY. USE THE AFFIRMATIVE OR NEGATIVE FORM.

EXAMPLE:  

It's raining hard outside.          "Take a taxi".

 The computer is broken.         "Buy a new computer" "Don't fix it".

 We are very late.                      "Let's hurry"

1) I don't like that program

2) We have to study hard.

3) New machines increase the security.

4) The proffessors are giving a conference.

5) The research about this project is hard.

6) We must learn English.

ACTIVITY 2.  TRANSLATE INTO SPANISH THE NEXT PARAGRAPHS.   NO MORE OF TWO STUDENTS CAN TRANSLATE  A PARAGRAPH.THOSE PARAGRAPHS ARE PART OF THE TEXT READ IN LAST CLASS.

 (7) Telcos take diverging paths

Since the mid-to-late 1990s, telcos worldwide have continued to make attempts at delivering video. Prior to the advent of the Internet, telcos initially envisioned that copper-based DSL would be their video ticket. Now, telco video delivery is being done over both various flavors of DSL and increasingly fiber with varying degrees of success.

 (8) Providing five 9s reliable telephone service for over a century, the incumbent telephone companies - or at least those that offer TV and IPTV services - argue it should be run over a managed network.

 (9) Along with U.S.-based IPTV frontrunner AT&T, European operators such as Belgacom and BT believe the only way to ensure a quality experience that's free of the Internet's unpredictable whims is to have it run over a managed network.

 (10) Offering what it calls a 6-pack communications offering (e.g., TV, Internet, voice, data and mobile) to its customer base, local Belgium incumbent Belgacom reported 40 percent of its IPTV customers are new ADSL Internet customers, a trend the operator says it will increase in 2008.

 (11) Jean-Marc Capitaine, Product and Solutions Director, Consumer Division for Belgacom, believes that the video experience is part of a larger integrated package of services a service provider has to have and one where "customers will pay if they get good quality."

 (12) Similarly, BT believes that the TV experience is one driven by premium content that comes over a managed platform.

 (13) "It's my view that YouTube-based content works very well on the Internet, but for some of the IPTV providers it's not somewhere where we're going to compete directly and it provides a very different experience," Richard Young, Head of Business Development for BT Vision. "If you use a PC screen to stream video, it might be a three or a four foot experience, but it's not a one-foot experience."

 (14) Given the investment required to launch IPTV, other U.S.-based telcos such as EMBARQ, FairPoint, and Qwest don't have any interest in simply replicating what the cable operators are doing. Instead, these operators have decided to give their customers a broadband pipe that plays into the changing nature of the video customer.

 (15) Qwest is a good example of this trend. Although the company continues to operate some video over copper services and offers satellite services via a partnership with DirecTV, Qwest's CTO Pieter Poll told me he basically wants users to leverage its ongoing investment in Fiber to the Node to enable interactive video services.

 (16) "We don't plan to do an IPTV solution where we are going to build an infrastructure to do what cable does today," he said. "We can do that but we don't think it's a wise investment on top of fiber to the node, especially if you look at how our customers are expecting to use the Internet in the future and receiving their entertainment in the home. The home is far more about VOD and what's important to a customer is a very clear way to see what content that you have or what's available on the Internet."

 (17) Video goes over the top

All of the interactive and changing viewing habits Poll is referring to are evidence that the traditional boundaries between the service provider continue to change. Unlike the traditional landline phone days when it was the phone company that dictated the services, rates and even the features a consumer got, the Internet continues to develop new services created far outside the telco's walls.

 (18) The most obvious trend that best illustrates the breaking of the traditional customer and telco boundary is Over the Top (OTT) video. OTT video, a product that allows the user to go to a well known brand such as Disney to get their content and use the broadband line to watch that content either on their PC or on the TV via a specialized set top box or even a gaming device like a Microsoft XBox.

 (19) Yes, it is unfair that the telco does not initially get revenue from OTT video. If telcos operators try to fight the Internet video craze via rate limiting, they will only cause subscribers to get frustrated and possibly cause them to leave. Instead, service providers with broadband access networks should look at Internet video as a means to complement their business with new content delivered through partnerships with video distributors like Cinema One or Netflix.

 (20) Whether or not service providers embrace OTT video services, it's a service segment that continues grow. ABI Research predicts that the number of viewers who access Web-based video will quadruple in the next few years, reaching at least 1 billion users by 2013. (see:)

 (21) And for those naysayers that Internet video can't delivery good quality, I would say take a look at peer-to-peer video provider Zattoo, which touts itself as the TV when you don't have a TV. Not surprisingly, the most active customer segment (30 percent) is younger users of the so-called Facebook generation that are more accustomed to watching video on their PCs and handheld mobile devices.

 (22) Outside of the Facebook generation, Zattoo's service is also finding relevance in other spheres. The company reports that 20 percent of users report they don't have a TV, while 18 percent of users are in a different place and 14 percent are in a place where another TV is occupied.

(23) What Zattoo and other OTT players realize that while the majority of video consumers still want to sit at the set, they are certainly willing to access video from other domains when necessary.

 (24) No matter if the service is managed IPTV or Internet-based TV, the fact is end-customers have an expectation they can go to go to their brand like Disney or ABC, get their content, download it and watch it on their own time and on the device that's most convenient for them. The tables have turned, and it's the users - not the service providers or the network - that are in charge.